In the case of aging eggplant plants during the late harvest period, facing heavy pest infestations and declining yields, spring greenhouse eggplants can benefit from pruning, weeding, and fertilization techniques to stimulate the growth of new shoots. The following is a detailed approach:
I. Selection of Regenerated Eggplant Strains
Choose vigorous eggplant varieties that show strong growth potential, are disease-free, have a good genetic trait, and possess well-developed root systems. These plants should be suitable for regenerative cultivation to ensure successful recovery and productivity.
II. Timely Pruning
In late October, after the last frost, cut back the main stem of the eggplant plant to about 10 cm in height. Remove all other branches and leaves. After cutting, seal the wound with a plastic film or apply a fungicide to prevent infections.
III. Post-Pruning Management
After pruning, perform deep cultivation around the base of the plant, keeping a distance of approximately 15 cm from the stem, and dig to a depth of 8–12 cm. Apply 2,000 kg of organic manure per 667 square meters, along with 15–20 kg of urea. Cover the area with a thick plastic sheet and maintain a temperature of 28–30°C for about 10 days. This encourages the emergence of new shoots.
Retain the strongest new shoots and remove the rest. Once the new shoots reach 10–15 cm in length, perform timely soil cultivation and weeding to strengthen pest and disease control. As the shoots grow, they will begin to flower. When the fruit reaches the size of a door nut or a walnut, it's time to apply fertilizer and water. For every 667 square meters, apply 15 kg of nitrogen-based fertilizer, then combine it with cultivation to form small ridges. Water along the ditches afterward.
Monitor the moisture level based on the seedlings’ condition and adjust watering accordingly. Maintain a daytime temperature of 28–30°C and a nighttime temperature of 15–18°C inside the greenhouse, with an air humidity of 60–80%. Cover the ground with straw to retain heat. If temperatures drop significantly at night, add an extra layer of plastic over the straw. Regularly monitor and manage pests and diseases to ensure healthy growth.
This method allows for a second harvest in the spring of the following year, typically starting in April. With proper care, the yield can reach approximately 2,500 kg per 667 square meters. By using these techniques, even aged or damaged eggplant plants can be rejuvenated, leading to improved productivity and quality.
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