In the case of aging plants during the late harvest period, heavy pest infestations, and declining yields, eggplants grown in spring greenhouses can benefit from pruning, weeding, and fertilization techniques to stimulate new growth and improve productivity. The following method is recommended:
I. Selection of Regenerated Eggplant Strains
Choose strong, healthy eggplant varieties that show good growth potential, are disease-free, have a superior variety, and possess well-developed root systems with high regenerative capacity. These plants should be selected for their ability to recover and produce new shoots effectively.
II. Timely Pruning
After the last frost in late October, cut back the main stem of the eggplant plant to about 10 cm in height. Remove all other branches and leaves. Make sure to seal the cut with a plastic film or apply a fungicide to prevent infection at the wound site.
III. Post-Pruning Management
After pruning, perform deep cultivation around the base of the plant, keeping a distance of about 15 cm from the stem and digging 8–12 cm deep. Apply 2,000 kg of compost per 667 square meters, along with 15–20 kg of urea. Cover the area with a thick plastic sheet and maintain a temperature of 28–30°C for about 10 days. During this time, new shoots will begin to emerge from the main stem. Retain the strongest new shoots and remove the rest.
When the new shoots reach 10–15 cm in length, perform timely cultivation and weeding to control pests and diseases. Once the shoots grow further, they will start to flower and set fruit. When the fruits reach the size of a door knob or walnut, it's time to apply fertilizer and water. For every 667 square meters, apply 15 kg of nitrogen-based fertilizer and combine it with cultivation to form small ridges. Then, water along the ditches. Based on the condition of the seedlings, additional top-dressing may be applied, ensuring the soil remains moist but not waterlogged.
Maintain the greenhouse temperature at 28–30°C during the day and 15–18°C at night, with air humidity between 60–80%. Cover the ground with straw or grass to retain moisture and regulate temperature. If nighttime temperatures drop significantly, add an extra layer of plastic film over the straw. Regularly monitor and manage pests and diseases to ensure healthy growth.
This technique allows for a second harvest in the spring of the following year, typically starting in April. With proper care, each 667 square meter plot can yield approximately 2,500 kilograms of eggplants. This method is especially effective for rejuvenating aging plants, managing pest damage, and restoring productivity in spring greenhouses.
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